Document Type

Article

Disciplines

International Law

Abstract

The nature protection functions of the state are manifested in improved biological control which, in turn, is linked to the restructuring of the administration of environmental protection. At the same time, ecological control is an integral part of the legal mechanism of environmental protection in the Soviet Union, ensuring the effective enforcement of the ecological law prescriptions of Soviet legislation.' Instances of irrational use of natural resources and pollution of the environment still exist. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union [CPSU] has noted that, despite legislation, industrial and agricultural wastes and gas discharges continue to pollute the natural environment, forest resources are used irrationally, the work of forest regeneration and protection against forest fires is organized very unsatisfactorily and water and wind erosion are developing.

Ecological control has an important role in eliminating ecological violations but is not always implemented adequately. At the XXVII Congress of the CPSU, the task was laid down: "to enhance the effect of state control over the state of the environment and sources of pollution, to improve the technical equipping of that service with efficient automatic instruments and equipment, to expand the methods of participation in such work by social organizations and the general public."' This presupposes enhancing the effectiveness of control activity at all levels: state, departmental, industrial and social.

Control is an important function of administration and is carried on in accordance with its tasks and principles. 5 However, the organization of ecological control has specific features. The decision to concentrate the power to direct environmental protection in the union republics within a single agency of administration6 will ensure an integrated approach to the activities of control agencies, one that embraces all objects of nature.

Departmental ecological control is able to exert more influence over the work of the enterprise due to their close relationship. Under the restructuring of the national economy, the role of departmental ecological control is being enhanced. A recently promulgated decree of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics [USSR]7 seeks to simplify the organizational structure of the central apparatus and strengthen the functional subdivisions, including the ecological services.

The ecological requirements for the production activities of an enterprise are being strengthened as the autonomy, self-financing and non-subsidy status is being enhanced. Article 20 of the law of the USSR "On the State Enterprise (or Association)" obligates enterprises to use effectively and regenerate natural resources, to protect the environment against pollution and other harmful effects and to effectuate the organization of production on the basis of waste-free technologies as the principal orientation for preserving the natural environment in the interests of the present and future generations of Soviet people.8 The creation of an ecological control system at the enterprise conditions the intensification of ecological control within the enterprise and enhances its effectiveness. Such a system would improve the legal base of ecological control and the forms and methods of work.

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