Date of Completion

Spring 5-1-2024

Thesis Advisor(s)

Catherine J. Andersen

Honors Major

Nutritional Sciences

Disciplines

Exercise Science | Human and Clinical Nutrition | Immunity

Abstract

Abstract

Objective: Daily intake of whole eggs and aerobic exercise have independently been shown to increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and measures of HDL function, suggesting cardioprotective effects of these lifestyle interventions. However, it is unknown whether exercise volume can synergistically or differentially impact diet responses and egg effects on HDL. Therefore, we evaluated whether exercise volume was associated with distinct effects of consuming different egg-based diets on measures of HDL size, function, and composition.

Methods: Twenty-six healthy men and women completed a 16-week randomized, controlled, crossover intervention study which aimed to investigate the effects of egg-free, egg-white, and whole-egg diets on markers of cardiometabolic health. Fasted blood samples and 5-day exercise logs were collected at the end of each diet period.

Results: Average minutes of aerobic exercise over the 5-day recording period positively correlated with changes in HDLP5 and HDLP7 subsets between the egg white and whole egg diet periods, with greater increases in these HDL subsets associated with higher volumes of mean aerobic exercise among subjects. Interestingly, high and low exercise groups demonstrated different trends for changes in HDLP7 concentrations, and HDL protein and lipid composition between egg white and whole diet periods, whereas no differences were observed in cholesterol efflux capacity or antioxidant activity.

Conclusions: Aerobic exercise may influence diet-induced effects on HDL profiles by improving clinical HDL parameters and differentially altering HDL protein and lipid composition following whole egg intake, without impacting measures of HDL function.

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