Document Type

Article

Disciplines

International Law

Abstract

The purpose of this brief introduction is to set the Hartford conference into an intellectual context, specifically the framework posed by Grotius. What exactly is the utility of international criminal courts? The three international criminal courts mostly considered below are Nuremberg itself, the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, and the proposed permanent International Criminal Court. Two other international criminal tribunals, the Tokyo War Crimes Tribunal and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda are not treated in depth. Although the theoretical justifications advanced at Hartford for the utility of international criminal courts are many and varied, it seems possible to divide and contain them in four principal analytical categories; (1) justice and punishment, (2) deterrence, (3) record keeping, and (4) the progressive development of international law. What did we learn from the Hartford conference about the theory and practice of international criminal courts?

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